10 examples of kennings in beowulfUncategorized

The efficiency this kenning supplies allows the final line of the poem to hit harder: despite the poem's consistent focus on valor, the strength of arm, and a search for glory, almost all of the final descriptive virtues are peaceful. uncle and nephew (1164) apparently a reference to Hrothgar and Hrothulf. Most kennings would have been used so frequently that they would instantly recall what they meant. Kennings are a type of metaphor used prominently in 'Beowulf.' They allow the poet to convey a sense of power and ownership, and to draw comparisons between seemingly unrelated objects or concepts. Another example of a possessive kenning in Beowulf is the phrase "gold-hall," which is used to describe a king's palace or throne room. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Want 100 or more? In conclusion, possessive kennings are an important and distinctive feature of Old English literature, and are used effectively in the epic poem Beowulf to add depth, complexity, and richness to the descriptions of people and things. The Geats have a long feud with the Scylfings. Hrothgar offers a joyful feast in honor of Beowulfs arrival. The epic poem Beowulf is chock full of kennings. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. A kenning (Modern Icelandic pronunciation: [cnik]) is a type of circumlocution, in the form of a compound that employs figurative language in place of a more concrete single-word noun. Beowulf is considered to be the finest achievement of the Anglo-Saxon poetic tradition, blending all of the poetic elements of the cultural products into one work. palisade a defensive fortification or fence made of pointed sticks (pales). 20% You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Beowulf kennings. In the process of defeating the dragon and preventing more of his people from being burned or eaten, that dragon mortally wounds Beowulf. venom-twigs Some scholars suggest that Hrunting's edge was equipped with small, sharp points to which poison may have been applied; more likely, this is a reference to the use of acid (poison) in the shaping of the points during manufacture, a customary procedure of the time. Hrethel father of Geats' King Hygelac; maternal grandfather of Beowulf. What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? A time when people believed in dragons, monsters, and curses. There are many different kennings that can express love. Compounding may be done to meet the needs of the alliterative meter, as part of a formula, or to make a new word. Its a form of periphrasis (referring to something indirectly) that uses images from a body of traditional lore to designate something rather than calling it by its everyday name. Does anyone remember the old Hot Wheels slogan. (line 1650-1887) Another. It is the story of the warrior, Beowulf, who comes to fight the monster, Grendel. Heaven's hall-ruler God is metaphorically spoken of as a Germanic king. burnished polished until glossy. This kenning establishes God as a warrior against evil whose primary weapon is the victories granted to virtuous humans. Beowulf represents a quintessential Anglo-Saxon hero through his confident poise, his willingness for self-sacrifice, and his tenacity through near-impossible odds. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The poet ironically plays with the theme of hospitality. ''King of Glory,'' written as, The final three lines of the poem reflect back on Beowulf, his virtue, and what made him a good king. It features the titular character Beowulf, a warrior of prodigious might, as he battles three separate monsters who plague humankind. After defeating him, he then combats Grendel's nameless mother (who, quite understandably, seeks to avenge the death of her son). For some inspiration, enjoy these examples of free verse poems. What are 5 Kennings used to describe Grendel? We also learned that mead-hall is a kenning, which means two words placed together, this is used a lot in the Beowulf poem. In line 1-126, there are many kennings that are written as possessives. Kennings were used to add description, richness, and meaning to the poem. Grendel is the main villain in Beowulf and he is called by various names including shepherd of evil and monster of evil. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Examples of kennings in Beowulf include "whale-road" to mean the sea, "light-of-battle" to mean a sword, "battle-sweat" to mean blood, "raven-harvest" to mean a corpse, "ring-giver" to mean a king, and "sky-candle" to mean the sun. A kenning is a two-word phrase used in place of a one-word noun. One example of a kenning in "Beowulf" is the use of "whale-road" to describe the sea. romantic fever. . 2023 Caniry - All Rights Reserved Another example is whale-road for sea (l.10). 14. Many kennings are used to describe Grendel such as shepherd of evil, guardian of crime, Hells captive, the Almightys enemy, sin stained demon, infliction of men, tormentor of their days, and descendant of Cain. These terms are used to make you understand how evil he is. Define kennings and their purpose, looking into some examples found throughout the epic poem. For example, two kennings in Beowulf include: "whale-road" for sea and "sun-dazzle" for sunlight A kenning for Beowulf which comes later in the poem is "ring-giver" which was a common term for someone who is a king Even if they are different, kennings and epithets in Beowulf both do the same thing. A line later, the armor is referred to as guthscaro, war clothes. While Beowulf is replete with kennings, the following sampling gives a spread of examples. The poet uses the kenning sail-road for sea because it was like a road that ships would sail on. the giants here a reference to the Frisians. In this line, the i sound in both mighty and mind denote assonance. Contrived by the mighty Northern Anglo Saxons, Beowulf is the manifestation of the Anglo Saxon ideals. Ravenswood site (in Sweden) of major battle between Geats and Swedes. . illustration of dog in snow with kenning meaning and examples, Olha Khorimarko / iStock / Getty Images Plus / via Getty created by YourDictionary. In the epic poem Beowulf, the protagonist, Beowulf, faces three monsters at different times in his life. This kenning uses the metaphor of the sea as a road that is owned by the whales, implying that the whales have control over the sea and the creatures that live within it. Discover kennings, a type of figurative language in Beowulf, and explore quotes and examples of kennings in the poem. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Hygelac's death (c. 520 AD) is one historical event in the epic; it was recorded by Saint Gregory of Tours in his Historia Francorum. The poem applies the epithet ''ring-bearer'' to Beowulf's father Scyld, Beowulf himself, and Hrothgar (the king plagued by Grendel). All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Kenning Poems & Examples | What Is a Kenning? Ruler's favor God's preference. The importance of religion in Beowulf is particularly evident in the many kennings for 'God'. It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. Eras filled with monsters, demons and selfless devotion towards the Glory of God. The two words are often joined together by a hyphen and form a compound word. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Kennings were used to add description, richness, and meaning to the poem. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. The death of a draconic resident is described in this passage. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. the shearer of life-threads the magical giant sword. Old English. Kennings were used to add description, richness, and meaning to the poem. Contact us A fireman is a fire extinguisher. It is a picturesque metaphoric compound in Old English that stands for a simple noun. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. . While Beowulf is replete with kennings, the following sampling gives a spread of examples. All rights reserved. battle-talon another reference to Grendel's claw. You'll also receive an email with the link. At the center of every kenning is a simile: the sea is like a road for whales; the sun is like a candle in the sky. Kennings: Kennings are a special form of compounding that are metaphoric in meaning. The purpose of a hero is to help not just yourself but others. For example, "slaughter-pole," or spear, "ring-giver," or king, "Wielder of Glory," or the Abrahamic God, "ring-hoard," or the dragon's treasure, and "battle-fire," or the dragon's flaming breath. . SparkNotes PLUS Bean counter = a bookkeeper or accountant. Dont have an account? The Abrahamic God has fourteen different titles used a combined total of eighty-six times, once every thirty-six lines on average, and six of those fourteen titles are kennings. Examples of kennings in Beowulf include "whale-road" to mean the sea, "light-of-battle" to mean a sword, "battle-sweat" to mean blood, "raven-harvest" to mean a corpse, "ring-giver" to mean a. What literary devices are used in Beowulf? Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. Still, that doesnt preclude them from a clever kenning or two. One of the most famous examples of a possessive kenning in Beowulf is the phrase "whale-road," which is used to describe the sea. Examples of kennings in Beowulf include whale-road to mean the sea, light-of-battle to mean a sword, battle-sweat to mean blood, raven-harvest to mean a corpse, ring-giver to mean a king, and sky-candle to mean the sun. What are 3 examples of alliteration in Beowulf? As an example, the phrase ''Wielder of Glory'' or ''Glory-Wielder'' is applied to the Abrahamic God in the first few lines of Beowulf. Weland in Germanic legend, a blacksmith with magical powers; he made Beowulf's war-shirt (455). Kennings are most commonly found in Old Norse and Old English poetry. Beowulf is an epic poem written in Old English. C. they had promised to demonstrate kinship and repay Beowulf's kindness with their lives. Haethcyn killed in battle at Ravenswood (in Sweden) by Ongentheow while avenging battle of Sorrow Hill. We have our thoughts, emotions, fears, and wonderings that cant be seen or touched. Privacy Policy. For example the words whale-road is used for the sea and shepherd of evil is used for Grendel. The epic poem Beowulf was a story told in the anglo saxon time period. Examples of kennings in Beowulf include whale-road to mean the sea, light-of-battle to mean a sword, battle-sweat to mean blood, raven-harvest to mean a corpse, ring-giver to mean a king, and sky-candle to mean the sun. Free trial is available to new customers only. I will look into how the two correlate with each other, some of the common themes and ideals that are evident in the texts as well as how the, In 1731, Sir Robert Bruce Cotton was very upset and unpleased by the burning of the Ashburnham House in London by someone. Beowulf, composed in the first half of the eighth century, is amongst the oldest writings of the Anglo-Saxon poetry that tells the tale of the epic hero, Beowulf, and a ferocious monster called Grendel. Why not just use the original word?' Kennings also served the poetic process, in allowing the oral tradition to preserve the story through alliteration and meter. Why does Beowulf fight Grendel without a sword? I feel like its a lifeline. A teacher is an intelligence enhancer. Also illustrated in the first line is the similarity of form. Kennings are short, descriptive metaphors typically two words long that are used in the place of another word. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! The poem told about Beowulf and his race in the sea that became a battle while he swam and shows Hrothgar and others how he is an. **Example 1**. Therefore, within this assignment, there will be investigations of inconsistencies. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Then, let your hair down while you dip your latest poem in clever kennings from the past. Beowulf, the protagonist in the story is known as the bravest and the strongest warrior. Beowulf has many examples of kennings, including kennings to replace words about the sea, battle, God, and Grendel. gray-bearded elders Hrothgar's senior advisors. Other well known kennings include battle sweat for blood; raven harvest for corpse; and sleep of the sword for death. Hrethric Hrothgar and Wealhtheow's elder son. This introduction to Beowulf as a young boy associates him directly with both the Christian tradition and martial prowess. He has acted as an informal tutor for two years and a saber fencing coach for seven. Kennings are most commonly found in Old Norse and Old English poetry. Kenning. By saying 'sail-road' instead of 'the sea' the poem adds a description that tells the story of a people that travel by boat often. In this house was scripts such as Beowulf, but now theyre damaged. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. One of the few surviving Beowulf manuscripts. Beowulfs personal characteristics include the heroic traits of loyalty, honor, bravery, faith, and superhuman strength. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Everyone can be a hero, but one person can do something that isn't only for himself but for the prosperity of a larger group of people, or even for the entire world. An example of this may be battle sweat which is a different form of saying blood. That -war-sword then all burned, bright blade, when the blood gushed o'er it, battle-sweat hot; but the hilt I brought back from my foes. In the second half, Beowulfnow a king who has ruled peacefully for decadesfinds his kingdom plagued by an angry dragon, the hoard of which has been pilfered by a thief. 101 terms. A kenning is a metaphorical circumlocution, signifying a person or thing by a characteristic or quality (Skill 10). Eadgils and Eanmund Ohthere's sons, Swedes. While Old English poetry often has elements of Christian faith or martial valor, Beowulf, as a heroic epic, emphasizes both of these aspects to an extreme. An example of a kenning is, "Grendela fiend out of Hell (line 100)." There are many kennings, or compound words, in Beowulf, such. Possessive kennings are a type of figurative language found in Old English literature, particularly in the epic poem Beowulf. Epithets in Beowulf | Uses, Analysis & Examples, Alliteration in Beowulf | Examples, Analysis & Quotes. These devises are in my opinion the ones that are used the most and stand out from the others. In the popular Anglo-Saxon epic poem Beowulf, the protagonist and hero, Beowulf, is emphasized for his extraordinary greatness. Instead of saying ordinary words like 'sea,' 'armor,' 'god,' or proper names like 'Grendel,' Old English used compound words, or joined words, in place of one word. mail flexible armor made of small, overlapping rings or scales. They help to create the poems solid feel by describing things in strongly imagistic terms. the lord of those rings Beowulf, with a reference to the rings that form his mail-shirt. Here are some examples of kenning in Beowulf together with their meaning in the epic poem: battle-sweat: blood sleep of the sword: death whale-road: the sea raven-harvest: a corpse/corpses sky-candle: the sun ring-giver: a king earth-hall: burial mound helmet-bearers: warriors stout-hearted: brave dwelling-place: residence As such, some elements, phrases, and kennings have survived to the modern day. . What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? To no surprise, they were used to brighten up an authors prose. The creature's ''birth'' becomes synonymous with the creature's death, presenting a strange paradox to the reader. This is Beowulf's tribe in southwestern Sweden. his heirloom sword Beowulf's sword in the dragon fight is called "Naegling.". Some more examples include: helmet bearers for warriors, earth-hall for burial mound or barrow, stone-cliffs for rocks, wall, cliffs of stone, stout-hearted for bravery and shield-warrior for fighter behind the shield. Kennings such as this allow a poet to use incredibly evocative phrases in place of ordinary nouns, granting incredibly rich imagery to something otherwise mundane. You can view our. 331-333. hand-spike a kenning referring to the nail on Grendel's claw. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you (one code per order). Basically, a kenning was a fancy way of talking about something, which is why it was used in poetry. Ingwines another name for the Danes, literally "friends of Ing.". Hrothulf son of Halga, nephew of Hrothgar. Grendel is a slayer and kills the Danes in Heorot Hall. on 50-99 accounts. Kenning is a two-word metaphor used in place of a word. In a society where heroism and bravery are honored as essential aspects of culture, the contrasting values of these characters, or foils, help define Beowulf as the model hero. woven snake-blade in constructing swords, numerous thin iron rods were woven together and forged to form a single blade. Feeding the eaglekilling enemies. The balance of good and evil in Beowulf by Seamus Heaney is apparent in the characters Grendel, Grendels mother, Beowulf and Wiglaf. 32 terms. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. The poems language is richly physical, with a particular emphasis on bodies and their fragility: flames wrought havoc in the hot bone-house (l.3148). Only a couple of the essential character components in Beowulf are Wealth and Honor, Biblical, and Man versus Wild topics. Home | About | Contact | Copyright | Privacy | Cookie Policy | Terms & Conditions | Sitemap. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. For example, the words whale-road is used for the sea and shepherd of evil is used for Grendel. Ace your assignments with our guide to Beowulf! He drew it from its scabbard, broke the chain on its hilt, and then, savage, now, angry and desperate, lifted it high over his head and struck with all the strength he had left, caught her in the neck and cut it through, broke bones and all. Pg72. They had a feud with their uncle, Onela, and were temporarily sheltered by Heardred. kenning. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. rune-counselor an advisor especially adept at solving difficult problems. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. The epic poem Beowulf, translated by Burton Raffel, focuses on a hero by the name of Beowulf who goes on a quest to rescue King Hrothgar and his people from an egregious monster by the name of Grendel. Kennings- Beowulf. It describes a series of virtues in the span of a two-word phrase. What is a kenning in Beowulf? Two kennings appear in this passage, which focuses on the battle between Beowulf and the dragon. }}$ *(fasten)* _____ Verified answer. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. An error occurred trying to load this video. Please wait while we process your payment. They help to create . Simply put, in poetry, a kenning is when you take two words and combine them as a mild translation or metaphor for something else. Beowulf is considered a legend in the English Literature world. chant-wood a kenning for the scop's harp, with which he accompanied himself as he sang or chanted a story-song. Bone-beakaxe. (Lines 2794-2797). jpsthunder. Go for it! This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Kenning Poems & Examples | What Is a Kenning? In the novel Beowulf; literary devices are used. The last of Beowulf's feats is killing a dragon that ends up killing Beowulf as well. The halves are linked by the fact that one or both of the stressed syllables in the first half of the line alliterates with the first stressed syllable in the second half of the line. (6) $2.20. Beowulf is full of kennings, a literary device common in Old English poems. shepherd of sins Grendel, perhaps in contrast to God as shepherd of souls. All rights reserved. The bold Scylding the poet associates Beowulf with the Scyldings, perhaps out of respect for his loyal service, even though the champion is a Geat. Bright-Danes another name for the Scyldings, the reference to shining light. The balancing of each line, and the intricate patterning of sounds, makes the poem feel solidly built. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. Charles Scott Moncrieffs translation of Beowulf is more linguistically similar to the original text than interpretive of that text which indicates a formal equivalence philosophy. What are Kennings 10 examples? Modern Examples of Kennings. This quote was describing how Grendel appeared out of the dark night into the Herot hall. While warfare was a focal point in their lifestyle, it was far from a savage, barbaric state of fighting. Another example is "whale-road" for "sea" (l). larger than life character whose accomplishments are celebrated in traditional tales. Anytime we create a two-word construct for a singular noun, were approaching kenning territory. crest-glider. For example, battle sweat is a kenning . Learn the definition of kennings in Beowulf, an epic poem, and their function in poetry. Ohthere and Onela Ongentheow's sons, Swedes. Examples of kennings in Beowulf include "whale-road" to mean the sea, "light-of-battle" to mean a sword, "battle-sweat" to mean blood, "raven-harvest" to . shield of the people here, a reference to King Hrothgar. It is evident that the Beowulf poem should not be viewed as a historical document, but it is hard to deny its connections to its context and its time. succeed. In poetry, there is often the use of many words that may seem a bit strange to the average reader. ''Wielder of Glory,'' or ''Glory-Wielder'' in some other translations, serves as an interesting title for the Abrahamic God as well creating a potent poetic connection between the glory highly-prized by Anglo-Saxon warriors. kingdom of waters here, simply a reference to the mere and the ogres' hideaway. Setting in Beowulf | Where Does Beowulf Take Place? As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 Wyrd in Beowulf: Overview & Theme | What is Wyrd? Which is the best definition of a kenning? A kenning is a compound phrase with metaphorical meaning that stands in for a noun. The implication is unique: the kenning fashions God as a warrior against evil, wielding the glory he grants virtuous humans as a weapon. For example, whale-road is a kenning for the sea. Verbal and adverbial elements too participated in each epic diction, but it is for the present sufficient to mark the large nominal and adjectival supply of semantic near-equivalents, Lapps inhabitants of northern Scandinavia and Finland. Sorrow Hill in Geatland, site of a battle where Swedes ambushed the Geats after Hrethel's death. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. for a group? Bright-Danes another name for the Scyldings, the reference to shining light. Beowulf has many examples of kennings, including kennings to replace words about the sea, battle, God, and Grendel. Offa king of the European (not English) Angles. race of giants here, some of the descendants of Cain. Kennings Related to Battle and Death Bright wayburning of a dead reaver with his ship. Shepard of sins, foe of God, cursed monster. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. whale-road ocean or sea, from the Anglo-Saxon hron-rade. When first reading Beowulf it would appear that the Christian references within it superimpose onto the essentially pagan view that makes a huge body of the poem. In this passage, which concerns Grendel's first active appearance in the narrative, the kenning ''God-cursed'' sets up an active contrast with Beowulf. Discover kenning examples in Beowulf and how they make the language vibrant. For fear of a feud were forced to disown him., XII. So in many ways, people use kennings to breathe new life into the subjects of their poetry using words that are not synonyms for the thing being described, but that share certain essential characteristics with it. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Compare And Contrast Batman And Beowulf 868 Words 4 Pages Beowulf is a classic Anglo Saxon poem about heroism. When wounded, however, the dragon spews forth ''battle-fire.'' The purpose of a kenning is to add an extra layer of description richness and meaning. ? They also help stimulate the mind, opening up whole new worlds of knowledge never before explored. the prince's thane here, a reference to Hengest. In Beowulf, because the sea and ships are important in several episodes, the kennings for ship are often compounded of different words. Why say a ship when you can use something more illustrious like wave floater? Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. A kenning (Old Norse kenning, plural kenningar) is a stylistic device that was commonly used in Old Norse poetry. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. FIRE: winds brother, sun of houses, slayer of houses, sparkler, beacon. FIST: arms mouth.. flagon a vessel for holding mead or other alcoholic liquids, usually made of metal or pottery and featuring a spout as well as a handle. . Waegmunding scholars dispute whether this clan, with which Wiglaf and Beowulf are associated, is Swede or Geat or a mixture of the two. Many kennings from the Dark Ages (ca. Grisly and greedy, that the grim ones dominion, XXVIII. As a result, many of the kennings in Beowulf are either alternative names for the Abrahamic God or linked to warfare in some capacity. Kenning is a form of writing in old English that takes a words and transforms it into the same meaning but in an older language. Copyright 2023 IPL.org All rights reserved. What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? The purpose of a kenning is to add an extra layer of description, richness, and meaning. 99 lessons Those kings who found wealth and shared that wealth with their followers were admirable and generated loyalty amongst their people. It features the titular heroic character Beowulf as he fights a trio of brutal monsters that each menace humanity. Because Beowulf is a poem that describes a lot of battles, fights between Beowulf and various monsters, war words like 'armor' were used often. Heremod Danish king who ruled disgracefully before Scyld rose to power. What is an example of assonance in Beowulf? two seas apparently the Baltic and the Atlantic; possibly the Baltic and the North Sea. There was Shield Sheafson, scourge of many tribes, a wrecker of mead-benches, rampaging among foes. Had he not been blinded by hubris, he would not have died. Figure of speech. He embodies the conglomerate of many Anglo Saxon values expressed throughout his heroic journey. Where do you find kennings in Old English? (memorize) $\underline{\color{#c34632}\text{My goal for this week is to memorize half of my lines for the play. Caesura in Beowulf | Purpose, Translation & Examples. Previous He will later lead a raid on Heorot and burn it before being routed. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Hygelac immediately took over leadership of the Geats. Film Versions of Beowulf. ? In the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf, the authors used multiple different literary devices, three in particularly stuck out throughout the entire story, being alliteration, kenning, and imagery; the literary devices were used to connect the story, and help the reader understand the life of Beowulf, and emphasize the parts that were not clear throughout the story. Geats also called Weder-Folk or Weders. It does not store any personal data. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Metaphors in Beowulf | Overview, Quotes & Examples, Beowulf | Figurative Language, Analysis & Examples, Heorot in Beowulf | Significance & Cultural Analysis, Scop in Beowulf | Role, Pitfalls & Character Analysis, Symbolism in Beowulf | Symbols, Importance & Examples, Beowulf's Boasts | Examples, Accomplishments & Analysis. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. He then enters a series of three great battles that change his life. Aelfhere some scholars think that this is a reference to Beowulf, indicating that Wiglaf is related, perhaps a cousin. The Anglo-Saxon is "Finna land" (580). Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? The Anglo-Saxon and Old Norse traditions have a word for a compound expression with a metaphorical meaning: kenning. kennings for Grendel. swift roan Horses played an important role among the royalty, but most of the fighting was executed on foot. Line number: 475-476 END! 27 febrero, 2023 . Hondscio literally, "hand-shoe" or glove. Axolotl Not Moving, Credit Union Chief Experience Officer Salary, Apartments Under $600 A Month In Lakeland, Fl, Articles OTHER

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